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Criminal Defence | England & Wales

Totting up, exceptional hardship and special reasons

What happens when you reach 12 points, how exceptional hardship arguments work, and the difference between hardship and special reasons.

Reviewed by
Paris Theodorou
· Principal Solicitor · Last reviewed
November 4, 2026

KEY ANSWER

The position in brief

If you reach 12 or more penalty points within 3 years, the court must disqualify you for at least 6 months, unless you persuade it that a ban would cause exceptional hardship. The minimum rises to 1 year if you have had one previous ban in the last 3 years, and 2 years if you have had two. Exceptional hardship usually means hardship to other people, such as employees, dependants or patients, not just inconvenience to you. Special reasons are different: they concern the circumstances of the offence and can avoid the points altogether.

Legal issues

Totting up

Road Traffic Offenders Act 1988, section 35. Points count if the offences they relate to were committed within 3 years of the latest offence.

Exceptional hardship

  • You give evidence, usually on oath, and the court decides.
  • Hardship to others carries more weight than hardship to you.
  • You cannot rely on the same circumstances that persuaded a court not to ban you in the previous 3 years.

Special reasons

A mitigating or extenuating circumstance connected with the offence, not the offender, such as being misled about a fact. If found, the court can decline to endorse points.

New drivers

If you reach 6 or more points within 2 years of passing your test, the DVLA revokes your licence and you must retake the test (Road Traffic (New Drivers) Act 1995).

Evidence that matters

Exceptional hardship arguments succeed on evidence: letters from employers, payroll records, care responsibilities, medical letters for dependants, and proof that alternatives such as public transport are not workable.

Reasonable lines of enquiry

Before the hearing

  • Check whether the new offence can be defended, which would avoid the points.
  • Check the dates: points only count within the 3-year window.
  • Gather written evidence from the people who would be affected.

What happens next

The hearing is in the magistrates' court. You and sometimes witnesses give evidence about hardship. If the argument fails, the ban starts that day.

Immediate steps

  • Do not ignore the court papers; you can be banned in your absence.
  • Start gathering evidence from employers and dependants now.
  • Get advice before you plead to the new offence.

What should you send us?

Send the court papers, a copy of your driving record, and a summary of who depends on your licence.

Legal information from Theodorous. The law and procedure can change and the application of the law depends on the facts. This guide is general information, not advice on your individual case.

HOW WE CAN HELP

What Theodorous can do

We prepare and present exceptional hardship and special reasons arguments, including your evidence and witnesses, and advise whether the underlying offence can be challenged.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Questions before your next step

Is losing my job exceptional hardship?

It can be part of it, but courts often expect more, such as the impact on others who depend on you. Every case turns on its evidence.

How long do points stay on my licence?

Most endorsements stay on your driving record for 4 years, but they count for totting up only for 3 years.

Can a speed awareness course avoid points?

If the police offer one and you are eligible, completing it means no points. It is offered at the police's discretion, not by the court.

NEXT STEP

Keep your licence

Call 0843 636 7687 or email [email protected] with your court date and driving record.

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